What role does ventilation play in maintaining indoor air quality?

Ventilation plays a critical role in maintaining indoor air quality by helping to remove indoor pollutants. Indoor air can become contaminated with various harmful substances, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide, particulate matter, and biological contaminants like mold and bacteria. Proper ventilation ensures that these pollutants are effectively diluted and replaced with fresher outdoor air, which can significantly improve the overall air quality in a building.

A well-ventilated space allows for the continuous exchange of indoor and outdoor air, which aids in minimizing the concentration of harmful substances. This is particularly important in tightly sealed buildings, where stagnant air can lead to a buildup of pollutants. By introducing fresh air and exhausting stale air, ventilation systems promote a healthier living environment.

The other options do not accurately represent the primary function of ventilation in improving indoor air quality. While ventilation can influence humidity levels, its main goal is not to increase humidity. Rather, it seeks to balance indoor conditions. Similarly, while ventilation systems may consume energy, they primarily focus on health and safety benefits rather than merely serving to reduce heating needs or energy consumption.