What term describes the flow of heat through solids?

The flow of heat through solids is best described by the term conduction. This process occurs when heat energy is transferred through a solid material without any movement of the material itself. In conduction, the heat travels from the warmer part of the material to the cooler part via molecular collisions; the faster-moving molecules in the warmer region collide with the slower-moving molecules in the cooler region, transferring energy in the process.

This concept is essential in building science and energy efficiency, as it influences how heat is retained or lost in structures, affecting overall building performance. Understanding conduction helps in designing better insulation and energy-efficient homes, as materials with different thermal conductivity impact heating and cooling needs.

In contrast, convection refers to heat transfer through fluids (liquids and gases) involving the movement of fluid, while radiation involves heat transfer through electromagnetic waves, and diffusion typically refers to the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, not directly related to heat transfer.